Transboundary governance for the world’s largest mangrove forest has posed challenges to Bangladesh and India in terms of conservation and livelihood protection. This mangrove area, Sundarbans, area expected to contribute to GHG emissions whereas the livelihood of an increasing population and expanded use of land posed some threats to its maintenance. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the legal framework for the conservation of this mangrove forest. We focus on institutional efforts for policy implementations and executions of legal frameworks. For these purposes, we collected and analyzed related policies and legal frameworks since the establishment of the Forest Act of 1927 to the present, including the National Forest Policy of 1994. The result of our analysis shows that Bangladesh's policies and laws were compartmentalized to deal mostly with forest conservation or GHG emission reduction. A legal framework for bridging the gap between forest conservation and livelihood support is not clear yet. Bangladesh’s NDC for GHG emission reduction was set at 6.73% for unconditional effort and 15.12% for conditional effort by 2030. Afforestation activities are expected to be the major contributor, but natural biosphere governance ideas are also needed to be incorporated here. Another challenge we identified was an overlapping jurisdiction over resource governance. Forest resources and aquatic resources within Sundarbans are managed by the Forest Department and the Department of Fisheries.

Authors:
Mohammad Sayed Momen Majumdar, University of Tsukuba, Japan
Kenichi Matsui, University of Tsukuba, Japan

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Posted by Clive Staples Lewis

Last updated: 2023-02-23 23:45:00

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