Technology is a vital component of civilization that is inextricably linked to the teaching and learning process, as well as its assessment. Technology-based assessments should be able to facilitate how teachers deal with digital native students who are constantly struggling with technology and are already aware of their own unique needs, necessitating the integration of different instructional techniques. This study aimed to analyze the target and learning needs of EFL pre-service teachers for developing an instructional model of technology-based AfL, AaL, and AoL. in the context of differentiated instruction. The approach employed in this research involves a qualitative methodology utilizing questionnaires and interviews as primary data collection instruments. Interviews with nine EFL lecturers and questionnaires distributed to 200 Indonesian EFL pre-service teachers explored their lacks, necessities, wants, roles, settings, and learning activities related to technology-based AfL, AaL, and AoL. The findings revealed that EFL pre-service teachers have diverse needs for technology-driven AfL, AaL, and AoL in differentiated English education. The lack demonstrated that they invest considerable time in preparing instructional materials and assessments, often struggling to select the appropriate technology for implementing AfL, AoL, and AaL effectively. Challenges arise in providing feedback during AfL due to a lack of strategies for accommodating students with various learning styles. The study recommends developing an instructional model of technology-based AfL, AaL, and AoL for EFL pre-service teachers to provide standard guidelines to maximize EFL teaching-learning process and assessment in the framework of differentiated instruction.

Authors:
Lu'luil Maknun, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
Zamzani Zamzani, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
Jamilah Jamilah, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia

About the Presenter(s)
Lu'luil Maknun is currently a doctoral student in Language Education Science at Yogyakarta State University.

Connect on Linkedin
https://www.linkedin.com/in/lu-luil-maknun-29a280309/

Connect on ResearchGate
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Luluil-Maknun-7

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